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Special indicators to assist with train dispatch duties are often provided within station areas. Some of these indicators work in conjunction with signals, while others are operated by the guard or platform staff.
Indicators for the guidance of staff carrying out train dispatch duties may need to be provided on station platforms if the platform starting signal is not visible from the dispatch position. By 1928, the Southern Railway provided indicators for this purpose, showing either "on" or "off". The indicator showed "on" [20.1] while the relevant signal displayed a 'stop' aspect, changing to "off" [20.2] when the signal cleared to a 'proceed' aspect.
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[20.1] "On" Indication.
Area: Predominantly Southern Railway Usage: Medium Status: Historical |
[20.2] "Off" Indication.
Area: Southern Railway (subsequently All Areas) Usage: High Status: Current |
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On both the LNER and the LMS, the equivalent of the Southern Railway's "on"/"off" indicators (see [20.1 & 20.2]) was an electric repeater that displayed a green light [20.3] when the relevant platform starting signal was 'off'. No indication was shown while the signal was at 'danger'. |
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The LNER and the LMS provided indicators at or near certain platform starting signals, which the guard operated to inform the driver that station duties were complete and the train may depart. When operated, and provided the signal concerned was 'off', the indicator displayed an illuminated letter "S" (for 'start') [20.4], accompanied by a high frequency buzzer or bell. |
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From 1942 on the Southern Railway, the "on" indication (see [20.1]) was deemed unnecessary and was removed as a wartime economy. In future, only an "off" indication (see [20.2]) was provided, the indicator being extinguished when the relative signal displays a 'stop' aspect. This subsequently became standard throughout British Rail.
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By 1945, indicators were provided at certain LNER stations (e.g. Edinburgh Waverley) where some departing passenger trains were assisted at the rear by an engine (which was not coupled to the train). These indicators displayed an illuminated letter "R" [20.5] as an instruction to apply steam for departure, after the usual 'ready to start' signal had been given. |
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An "off" indicator may be supplemented by an alphanumeric route indicator [20.6] that repeats the route indication exhibited at the relevant signal when a 'proceed' aspect is shown. This mostly applies to rear-facing "off" indicators situated at the back of a colour light signal at places where the front end of stationary trains may stand out beyond the signal. In these circumstances, the rear "off" indicator controls the starting of the train. |
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The Great Western Railway provided 'right away' indicators at places (e.g. at Bath Spa station in 1947) with platforms where drivers may be unable to see the 'ready to start' handsignal, their function being equivalent to the "S" indicators used elsewhere (see [20.4]). When illuminated, they displayed the legend "RA" with the letters arranged vertically, one above the other [20.7].
Following nationalisation, 'right away' indicators displaying a single illuminated letter "R" (see [20.5]) were used on the Scottish, North Eastern, Eastern and London Midland Regions of British Railways. The two-letter indication "RA" was preferred on the Western Region, where the indication "R" was commonly used in alphanumeric route indicators (see Section 6) in relation to a 'Relief' line. Later "RA" indicators had the letters laid out horizontally, in either amber [20.8] or white [20.9]. The "RA" indication became standard on all BR regions c.1990 and has been steadily supplanting the former "R" indication.
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[20.7] "RA" Indication.
Area: GWR Usage: Low Status: Historical |
[20.8] "RA" Indication.
Area: Western Region (subsequently All Areas) Usage: Medium Status: Obsolescent |
[20.9] "RA" Indication.
Area: All Areas Usage: High Status: Current |
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Indicators provided for train dispatch purposes are often double-sided. From 1960, rear-facing indicators (including those situated at the back of a colour light signal) usually showed an amber-coloured indication. This applied to "R" indicators [20.10] and "off" indicators [20.11].
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[20.10] Rear-facing "R" Indication.
Area: Various Usage: Medium Status: Obsolescent |
[20.11] Rear-facing "Off" Indication.
Area: All Areas Usage: Medium Status: Obsolescent |
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When a rear "off" indicator relates to a signal that can display both main and subsidiary aspects, it may have associated with it an additional indication reading either "main" [20.12] or "sub" [20.13], as appropriate. Alternatively, the indicator may display just "off" for a main aspect and "sub" for a subsidiary aspect.
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[20.12] "Main Off" Indication.
Area: All Areas Usage: Medium Status: Obsolescent |
[20.13] "Sub" Indication.
Area: All Areas Usage: Medium Status: Obsolescent |
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In 1973, a pair of illuminated indicators was provided on the post of the Down Main Home signal at Stourbridge Junction North, for use when an assisting locomotive had been attached to the rear of a train. One of these indicators was a "right away" indicator displaying a letter "R" (see [20.5]), and the other displayed the letters "RS" [20.14]. Illumination of the "RS" indicator was an indication to the driver at the front of the train that the assisting locomotive at the rear was ready to start. The "RS" indicator was illuminated after the secondman of the assisting locomotive had pressed a plunger located some distance on approach to the signal and only once the signal had cleared. On seeing the illuminated "RS" indication, the driver or secondman of the front locomotive was required to press a plunger situated at the signal which, after thirty seconds had passed, illuminated the "right away" indicator on the signal post, as well as a double-sided "right away" indicator provided 356 yards (325 metres) on approach. The train could then proceed. Similar equipment was introduced at Hamstead Tunnel in March 1983, at signal NS283 on the Up Soho line. |
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On a bi-directional line, it is necessary to specify to which signal or direction of travel an "off" indication applies. A plate may be fixed to the indicator, stating the signal number [20.15] or the direction of travel (i.e. 'Up' or 'Down') [20.16] to which it refers. Alternatively, an "off" indication, when illuminated, may be accompanied by an illuminated legend "Up" or "Down" [20.17], which may be abbreviated as "U", "D" or "Dn" [20.18]. On the Scottish Region, the direction of travel was not specified, but instead an indication "N", "S", "E" or "W" (i.e. north, south, east or west) showed at which end of the platform a 'proceed' signal aspect was being exhibited [20.19].
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[20.15] "Off" Indication (e.g. applies to signal number D142).
Area: All Areas Usage: Medium Status: Current |
[20.16] "Off" Indication (e.g. applies to Up direction signal).
Area: All Areas Usage: Medium Status: Current |
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[20.17] "Off" Indication (e.g. applies to Up direction signal).
Area: All Areas Usage: Medium Status: Current |
[20.18] "Off" Indication (e.g. applies to Down direction signal).
Area: All Areas Usage: Medium Status: Current |
[20.19] "Off" Indication (e.g. applies to signal at north end of platform).
Area: Scottish Region Usage: Medium Status: Current |
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Platforms 2 and 3 at Brighton station have inner and outer platform starting signals for departing trains. Separate "off" indicators were provided for each signal, displaying "off inner" [20.20] or "off outer" [20.21], as appropriate.
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[20.20] "Off Inner" Indication.
Area: Brighton Usage: Low Status: Historical |
[20.21] "Off Outer" Indication.
Area: Brighton Usage: Low Status: Historical |
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If a station is at or near a location where a reversal of Down and Up directions occurs, an illuminated "Down" or "Up" indication at an "off" indicator (see [20.17 & 20.18]) is of no use in specifying the direction for which a signal is cleared at a bi-directional platform. The alternative employed in such situations is for the indicator to display the (suitably abbreviated) name of an important place in the same direction as the signal that is "off", either as an illuminated indication [20.22] or on a plate fixed to the indicator [20.23].
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[20.22] "Off" Indication with Illuminated Direction Indication (e.g. "KLY" for Keighley).
Area: Various Usage: Low Status: Current |
[20.23] "Off" Indication with Direction Plate (e.g. "COL" for Colchester).
Area: Various Usage: Low Status: Current |
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After platform staff had given the 'ready to start' signal to dispatch a train with power-operated doors, there was a chance that the train might depart with something trapped in the doors. To help avoid such an occurrence, a two-stage dispatch procedure for trains with power-operated doors was devised, entailing the use of 'close doors' indicators at certain stations where platform staff are on duty. When operated by the platform staff, a "CD" indication is displayed [20.24], indicating to the guard (or driver of a 'driver only' train) that station work is complete and the train doors can be closed. A "CD" indicator is usually combined with an "RA" indicator (see [20.9]), in which case the "CD" indication will be extinguished when the "RA" indication is exhibited. "CD" indicators were first introduced c.1990. A rear-facing "CD" indicator may show an amber-coloured indication [20.25].
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[20.24] 'Close Doors' Indication.
Area: All Areas Usage: High Status: Current |
[20.25] Rear-facing 'Close Doors' Indication.
Area: All Areas Usage: Medium Status: Obsolescent |
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On platform lines that are subdivided by mid-platform signals, an "off" indicator (see [20.2]) associated with a mid-platform signal would not usually be allowed to illuminate unless the signal ahead (at the end of the platform) is also 'off'. At stations where it is necessary to indicate that the mid-platform signal alone is 'off', a supplementary indication is required to accompany the "off" indication. This takes the form of an illuminated indicator that displays the number of the associated mid-platform signal [20.26]. If the platform end signal subsequently clears, the signal number indicator is extinguished, leaving just the "off" indication illuminated. These indicators were provided at Edinburgh Waverley station in December 2006. |
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